> [SLEEP APNEA] Several things have been very effective, for example the drug Diamox, acetazolamide, stimulates respiration by changing CO2 and pH; [[caffeine]], [[thyroid]], and [[progesterone]] are the more natural things that stimulate respiration. [[thyroid]] is the main regulatory and adaptive substance for respiration. I think it's common to call the apnea "obstructive" when someone is fat, but it's probably essentially the same condition, filtered through the mechanical medical mind. > [ASPIRIN] It can help with sleep, but you should try it first in the afternoon, because sometimes its first effect can stimulate your metabolism and delay sleep. If you use it regularly, you should have some [[vitamin K]] (for example liver once a week). > [Sleeping 10+ hours] If you wake up feeling refreshed, I think it's very good to now and then get some extra sleep. Under-sleeping increases nitric oxide, and catch-up sleep lowers it. Niacinamide, coffee, and [[aspirin]] are things that lower NO. [(Reference)](https://archive.ph/o/OJZkW/https://raypeatforum.com/community/threads/ray-peat-email-advice-depository.1035/page-10%23post-119440) > [Would you say that having dreams again after an extended period without them is generally a sign of improvement in someone's health?] Not necessarily, it’s the whole sleep structure that’s important. > [On troubleshooting sleep even when thyroid function and diet are good] Histamine and serotonin promote wakefulness, and cyproheptadine blocks those, but its other effects aren’t very pleasant. Have you tried diphenhydramine? Endotoxin from intestinal bacteria increases histamine and serotonin; poor digestion is probably the most common cause of insomnia. Avoiding starches is often helpful. Small amounts of some excipients in supplements, and allergens in some foods, can increase the nighttime absorption of endotoxin. The antimicrobial/antiinflammatory effects of cascara can improve sleep; an antibiotic such as tetracycline can reduce the intestinal inflammation. [Source](https://lowtoxinforum.com/threads/ray-peat-email-advice-depository.1035/post-242017)